Rapid Antigen Tests & PCR/Molecular Tests:
Is One Better Than the Other?

The COVID-19 pandemic brought forth a demand for testing. Individuals want to know if they’re sick as soon as they can so that they’re able to take precautionary measures and protect their loved ones as well as their communities from becoming infected. In response, various testing methods have been introduced to detect the COVID-19 virus (in addition to the flu virus). The most common types of tests are Rapid Antigen Tests and PCR Tests. Each type of test has its advantages and disadvantages, and this article will outline the key differences between these two tests, as well as how they work.

How Do PCR Tests Work?

PCR Tests, also known as molecular tests, are the most sensitive type of COVID-19 test. These tests detect the viral RNA in a sample by amplifying it and making it easier to detect. PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction, and it works by converting the virus RNA in the sample into DNA and then amplifying it, making millions of copies of the DNA for detection.

PCR tests are frequently performed by taking a swab of a specimen from the patient's nose. The amplification process allows the lab to detect the virus more easily, making it more sensitive.

When the pandemic first started, PCR tests were performed by medical professionals and then sent off to a lab for testing. This process took some time, especially with the large volumes of samples labs had to process, however, at-home PCR quality tests are now the norm. One of these tests is the Lucira COVID-19 Test Kits and it can provide a positive result in as little as 11 minutes and 30 minutes for a negative result. Additionally, there are now different PCR tests available to the public such as the Lucira COVID-19 & Flu Test Kits, which detect Influenza A and B along with COVID-19.

What Are Rapid Antigen Tests?

Rapid Antigen Tests, like the BTNX COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Text are designed to quickly detect viral proteins instead of viral RNA. These tests can provide results in as little as 15 minutes and are less expensive than PCR tests. These tests proved to be invaluable at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic as these tests did not require lab testing to verify the results. They are portable and can be easily administered at home, thus providing peace of mind for many while COVID-19 variants continued to spread.

These tests are extremely convenient, although less sensitive than PCR tests and do not provide results at the same accuracy level as a PCR/molecular test. They can still be trusted and depended on by the everyday individual, however, if you or someone you are coming into contact with are immunocompromised, elderly, or an infant, an at-home PCR/molecular test may be a better fit.

CONCLUDING THOUGHTS

In conclusion, PCR tests are more sensitive to the virus when compared to Rapid Antigen Tests. However, Rapid Antigen Tests are faster, less expensive and still very reliable for the everyday person. It is important to note that both tests have limitations, and results should be interpreted in the context of other information, such as the patient's symptoms, medical history, and the prevalence of the virus in the patient's community. Take note of your situation and choose your test accordingly. Testing is an imperative tool to use in combination with other prevention strategies (such as social distancing and wearing a mask) to ensure the health and safety of our communities.